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the key-stone

  • 1 cuneo

    cŭnĕo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [cuneus] (rare, and not ante-Aug.; cf. cuneatim).
    I.
    To fasten with wedges, to wedge up:

    si quid cuneandum sit in ligno clavisve figendum,

    Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 206:

    unus lapis facit fornacem, ille, qui latera inclinata cuneavit et interventu suo vinxit,

    the key-stone, Sen. Ep. 118, 16.—
    * B.
    Trop., of discourse, to press in, force in:

    si oratio cohaeret et sequitur, non, si per vim cuneatur,

    Quint. 4, 3, 4.—
    II.
    To make wedge-shaped; of places:

    (Britannia) iterum se in diversos angulos cuneat triquetra,

    is in the form of a wedge, Mel. 3, 6, 4 (cf. cuneus, I.):

    (Hispania) cuneatur angustiis inter duo maria,

    Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 29.—Hence, cŭnĕātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II.), pointed like a wedge, wedgeshaped:

    ager,

    Col. 5, 2, 1:

    collis acumine longo,

    Ov. M. 13, 778:

    jugum montis in angustum dorsum,

    Liv. 44, 4, 4.— Comp.:

    forma scuti ad imum cuneatior,

    Liv. 9, 40, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cuneo

  • 2 gemma

    gemma, ae, f. [cf. Gr. gemô, to be full; Lat. gumia;

    lit. a fulness, swelling. The ancients supposed the original meaning to be a precious stone,

    Quint. 8, 6, 6; cf. Cic. Or. 24, 81; id. de Or. 3, 38, 155], a bud, eye, or gem on a plant.
    I.
    Lit.:

    ineunte vere exsistit tamquam ad articulos sarmentorum ea, quae gemma dicitur,

    Cic. de Sen. 15, 53:

    (pampinus) trudit gemmas et frondes explicat omnes,

    Verg. G. 2, 335;

    jam laeto turgent in palmite gemmae,

    id. E. 7, 48; Col. 4, 29, 4.—
    II.
    Transf. (from the resemblance to buds in shape and color), a precious stone, esp. one already cut, a jewel, gem, the predom. signif. of the word (opp. lapillus, one that is opaque, v. Dig. 34, 2, 19, § 17; cf.

    also: margarita, unio): nego in Sicilia tota... ullam gemmam aut margaritam, quicquam ex auro aut ebore factum... quin conquisierit, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1:

    pocula ex auro gemmis distincta clarissimis,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 27, §

    62: vas vinarium ex una gemma pergrandi,

    id. ib.:

    Cyri ornatus Persicus multo auro multisque gemmis,

    id. de Sen. 17, 59:

    gemmas sunt qui non habeant,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 180:

    cum virides gemmas collo circumdedit (mulier),

    Juv. 6, 458:

    non gemmis venale,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 7:

    vitrea,

    i. e. a false gem, Plin. 35, 6, 30, § 48;

    also called facticia,

    id. 37, 7, 26, § 98:

    nec premit articulos lucida gemma meos,

    Ov. H. 15, 74:

    nec sufferre queat majoris pondera gemmae,

    Juv. 1, 29: usus luxuriantis aetatis signaturas pretiosis gemmis coepit insculpere, Capitol. ap. Macr. S. 7, 13, 11; Vulg. Exod. 25, 7 et saep. —
    2.
    Transf.
    a.
    Things made of precious stones.
    (α).
    A drinking-vessel, goblet or cup, made of a precious stone:

    nec bibit e gemma divite nostra sitis,

    Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 4; cf.:

    ut gemmā bibat,

    Verg. G. 2, 506:

    gemmā ministrare,

    Sen. Prov. 3 fin.; cf.

    also: in gemma posuere merum,

    Ov. M. 8, 572.—
    (β).
    A seal ring, signet:

    protinus impressā signat sua crimina gemmā,

    Ov. M. 9, 566; cf. Plin. 37, 1, 2, § 3; 37, 5, 20, § 78: arguit ipsorum quos littera gemmaque, Juv. 13, 138; 1, 68.—Hence, comically: Pl. Opsecro parentis ne meos mihi prohibeas? Cu. Quid? ego sub gemmane apstrussos habeo tuam matrem et patrem? i. e. under lock and key, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 8.—
    b.
    A pearl ( poet.): legitur rubris gemma sub aequoribus. Prop. 1, 14, 12:

    cedet Erythraeis eruta gemma vadis,

    Mart. 8, 28, 14. —
    c.
    The eyes of the peacock's tail:

    gemmis caudam stellantibus implet,

    Ov. M. 1, 723; cf.:

    gemmea cauda,

    Phaedr. 3, 18, 8). —
    B.
    Trop., like gem in English, ornament, beauty (post-Aug. and very rare):

    multas in digitis, plures in carmine gemmas Invenies,

    Mart. 5, 11, 3:

    Hesperius gemma amicorum,

    Sid. Ep. 4, 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gemma

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